  {"id":492162,"date":"2021-09-15T11:58:07","date_gmt":"2021-09-15T15:58:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/?p=492162"},"modified":"2025-11-19T07:59:33","modified_gmt":"2025-11-19T12:59:33","slug":"smaller-is-better-for-detecting-biomarkers-of-trauma-and-cancer-492162","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/smaller-is-better-for-detecting-biomarkers-of-trauma-and-cancer-492162\/","title":{"rendered":"Smaller is better for detecting biomarkers of trauma and cancer"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"width: 85%; font-weight: bold; line-height: 135%; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><strong>Researchers at Rochester and Ottawa are developing a compact, portable, and cost-effective detection device.<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The tiny proteins that can alert us to some of the most acute human disorders\u2014traumatic brain injury (TBI), cancer, heart attack, and stroke\u2014are freely circulating in our blood, urine, and other bodily fluids. But detecting these tiny \u201cbiomarkers\u201d is problematic and costly.<\/p>\n<p>Biomarkers are not only tiny but very dilute. The most direct approach to detecting them involves sending serum samples off to undergo a sensitive but costly so-called dELISA (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ELISA\">digital enzyme linked immunosorbent assay<\/a>) test. For some medical conditions such as TBI, an alternative\u2014also costly\u2014is to rely on CT and MRI scans of the affected organs.<\/p>\n<p>With the support of a <a href=\"https:\/\/reporter.nih.gov\/search\/ThWIDe5pfE-eLc6qfNCKJA\/project-details\/10229798\">$1.6 million grant<\/a> from the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, researchers at the <a href=\"https:\/\/rochester.edu\/\">Ä¢¹½´«Ã½<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uottawa.ca\/en\">University of Ottawa<\/a> are developing a far less expensive, faster, portable alternative\u2014a biomarker detector using nanopore membranes and filters so thin it would take more than 1,000 stacked on top of each other to equal the width of a human hair.<\/p>\n<p>The device would be just as accurate, but inexpensive enough for doctor\u2019s offices and smaller hospitals to afford. And it would be portable and nimble enough to produce results in a matter of minutes when used in the field by emergency responders, says <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/bme\/people\/faculty\/mcgrath_james\/index.html\">Jim McGrath<\/a>, a professor of biomedical engineering at Rochester, who is co-leading the project with <a href=\"https:\/\/science.uottawa.ca\/physics\/people\/tabard-cossa-vincent\">Vincent Tabard-Cossa<\/a>, associate professor of physics at the University of Ottawa.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe key is that we\u2019re making a digital sensing platform that is fully electronic. We eliminate the lasers and optics of the existing commercial platforms and use a single nanopore to count the biomarkers as they pass through,\u201d McGrath says.<\/p>\n<p>Co-principal investigator <a href=\"https:\/\/www.urmc.rochester.edu\/people\/28567288-jonathan-flax\">Jonathan Flax<\/a>, a research assistant professor of urology and biomedical engineering at the URochester Medical Center, says that although the device could ultimately be used to detect a broad range of disorders, \u201cwe had an overriding goal at this point to show a proof of concept for two different levels of detection, in two types of biofluids.\u201d The focus is on detecting biomarkers of TBI, which can be found in blood, and the biomarkers for predicting the response of bladder cancer to immunotherapy, which can be found in urine.<\/p>\n<p>Diagnostic levels of biomarkers for both conditions have been clearly established in previous studies, including a seminal <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/laneur\/article\/PIIS1474-4422(18)30231-X\/fulltext\">Lancet paper<\/a> by co-investigator <a href=\"https:\/\/www.urmc.rochester.edu\/people\/20187378-jeffrey-j-bazarian\">Jeff Bazarian<\/a>, a professor of emergency medicine and neurology at Rochester and a leading TBI expert. The research will make it easier to compare the device\u2019s ability to detect biomarkers directly against the results obtained by dELISA platforms\u2014specifically, the researchers note, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.quanterix.com\/simoa-technology\/\">Quanterix SiMoA<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Two types of nanopore membranes working in concert<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>By combining two very different types of membranes, the researchers are able to not only detect biomarkers, but convert them into DNA \u201cproxies\u201d that in turn are further concentrated, thereby greatly accelerating the process.<\/p>\n<p>Otherwise, the detection of the most dilute biomarkers would take years,\u201d McGrath says. \u201cBy concentrating 1,000, 10,000, even 100,000 times, we can bring that down to minutes.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>McGrath\u2019s lab has helped pioneer the development of thin membranes with millions and even billions of nanopores for use as filters and sensors. They are building the membranes that concentrate the particles. Tabard-Cossa\u2019s lab, including co-principal investigator <a href=\"https:\/\/science.uottawa.ca\/physics\/people\/godin-michel\">Michel Godin<\/a>, an associate professor of physics, is expert in creating membranes with a single nanopore opening that can detect each DNA proxy passing through it. Tabard-Cossa\u2019s lab is developing the technology to count the proxies.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/simpore.com\/\">SiMPore<\/a>, a URochester spin-out company that manufactures ultrathin membranes in the Rochester area, will build a new chip that integrates the two types of membranes in one device. And Flax, who is also an expert in molecular biology, is assisting with designing the various assays (analyses used to determine the presence and amounts of a substance) being used at each step of development and testing.<\/p>\n<p>McGrath says he is excited to be working with Flax and the Ottawa team. \u201cThis technology and team give us a very good shot at making a new type of assay that find its way into clinics.\u201d<br \/>\n<!-- begin copying for copy and paste--><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>Read more<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"large-up-3\">\n<div class=\"column\" style=\"padding-left: 0px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/nanofilter-improved-dna-detector-286352\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/fea-madejski-illustration-nanofilter.jpg\" alt=\"artist's illustration of nanofilter.\"><strong>Scientist\u2019s accidental exhale leads to improved DNA detector<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: .9em;\">How water vapor became integral to the development and design of a novel device for detecting the DNA biomarkers affiliated with disease.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"column\" style=\"padding-left: 0px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/microprocessors-computing-architecture-304252\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/fea-clock-pulse-architecture.jpg\" alt=\"illustration shows new clock pulse architecture as a series of separate cylinders.\"><strong>New computing device would let microprocessors go \u2018all out\u2019<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: .9em;\">Researcher Mohammad Kazemi has proposed an entirely new concept for computer architecture to overcome the problems of heat transfer inherent in traditional microprocessors.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"column\" style=\"padding-left: 0px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/organ-on-a-chip-is-the-wave-of-the-future-460652\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/fea-tendon-chip-detail.jpg\" alt=\"detail of artist's illustration of a tendon chip.\"><strong>\u2018Organ on a chip\u2019 is the wave of the future<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: .9em;\">Rochester researchers are building technology to predict the course of tendon injuries\u2014a form of personalized medicine that will lead to more effective treatments.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n<!-- stop copying. --><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Detecting tiny biomarkers circulating in our bodies is problematic and costly. Researchers are developing a cost-effective detection device using nanotechnology.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":286,"featured_media":492182,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42472,116],"tags":[18742,18632,19182,16822,18572],"class_list":["post-492162","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health-medicine","category-sci-tech","tag-department-of-biomedical-engineering","tag-hajim-school-of-engineering-and-applied-sciences","tag-james-mcgrath","tag-nanoparticles","tag-research-finding"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Smaller is better for detecting biomarkers of trauma and cancer<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Detecting biomarkers circulating in our bodies is problematic and costly. Researchers are developing a cost-effective detection device using nanotechnology.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/smaller-is-better-for-detecting-biomarkers-of-trauma-and-cancer-492162\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Smaller is better for detecting biomarkers of trauma and cancer\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Detecting biomarkers circulating in our bodies is problematic and costly. Researchers are developing a cost-effective detection device using nanotechnology.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/smaller-is-better-for-detecting-biomarkers-of-trauma-and-cancer-492162\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"News Center\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-09-15T15:58:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-11-19T12:59:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/fea-nanopore.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Bob Marcotte\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Bob Marcotte\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/smaller-is-better-for-detecting-biomarkers-of-trauma-and-cancer-492162\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/smaller-is-better-for-detecting-biomarkers-of-trauma-and-cancer-492162\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Bob Marcotte\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e0d8d271cd290d592461fa9cefca013b\"},\"headline\":\"Smaller is better for detecting biomarkers of trauma and cancer\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-09-15T15:58:07+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-11-19T12:59:33+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/smaller-is-better-for-detecting-biomarkers-of-trauma-and-cancer-492162\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":807,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/smaller-is-better-for-detecting-biomarkers-of-trauma-and-cancer-492162\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/09\\\/fea-nanopore.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Department of Biomedical Engineering\",\"Hajim School of Engineering and Applied Sciences\",\"James McGrath\",\"nanoparticles\",\"research finding\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Health &amp; Medicine\",\"Science &amp; Technology\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/smaller-is-better-for-detecting-biomarkers-of-trauma-and-cancer-492162\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/smaller-is-better-for-detecting-biomarkers-of-trauma-and-cancer-492162\\\/\",\"name\":\"Smaller is better for detecting biomarkers of trauma and cancer\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/smaller-is-better-for-detecting-biomarkers-of-trauma-and-cancer-492162\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/smaller-is-better-for-detecting-biomarkers-of-trauma-and-cancer-492162\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/09\\\/fea-nanopore.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-09-15T15:58:07+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-11-19T12:59:33+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e0d8d271cd290d592461fa9cefca013b\"},\"description\":\"Detecting biomarkers circulating in our bodies is problematic and costly. 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The team is using highly sensitive solid state nanopores to detect biomarkers of traumatic brain injury, bladder cancer, and other acute disorders in serum and urine. As illustrated in this cutaway view, the technique involves amplifying the biomarkers into DNA proxies (magenta spirals) coupled to gold nanoparticles. The gold nanoparticles are captured and concentrated on an ultrathin membrane (purple) with many nano-sized pores. UV light is then used to release the proxies, which bind to DNA-origami nanostructures (blue). The proxy-nanostructure combination gives unique signals that identify the biomarkers present in the original sample as they pass through the single nanopore sensor (green). (Ä¢¹½´«Ã½ illustration \\\/ Michael Osadciw)\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/smaller-is-better-for-detecting-biomarkers-of-trauma-and-cancer-492162\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Smaller is better for detecting biomarkers of trauma and cancer\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/\",\"name\":\"News Center\",\"description\":\"Ä¢¹½´«Ã½\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e0d8d271cd290d592461fa9cefca013b\",\"name\":\"Bob Marcotte\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/author\\\/bmarcotte\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Smaller is better for detecting biomarkers of trauma and cancer","description":"Detecting biomarkers circulating in our bodies is problematic and costly. 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Researchers are developing a cost-effective detection device using nanotechnology.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/smaller-is-better-for-detecting-biomarkers-of-trauma-and-cancer-492162\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/smaller-is-better-for-detecting-biomarkers-of-trauma-and-cancer-492162\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/smaller-is-better-for-detecting-biomarkers-of-trauma-and-cancer-492162\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/fea-nanopore.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/fea-nanopore.jpg","width":1000,"height":600,"caption":"An inexpensive but highly sensitive biomarker detection system is being developed in a collaboration between the URochester, the University of Ottawa, and Rochester-based SiMPore Inc. 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