  {"id":362582,"date":"2019-02-19T11:34:42","date_gmt":"2019-02-19T16:34:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/?p=362582"},"modified":"2019-03-28T15:04:25","modified_gmt":"2019-03-28T19:04:25","slug":"when-parenting-teenagers-keep-calm-and-dont-carry-on-362582","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/when-parenting-teenagers-keep-calm-and-dont-carry-on-362582\/","title":{"rendered":"When parenting teens, keep calm and don\u2019t carry on"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The field of adolescent psychology is increasingly focused on parents, with researchers asking how mothers and fathers control themselves (and their rising anger) in difficult interactions with their children. As anyone who has raised a teenager knows, parental goals often don\u2019t exactly align with those of the child. Sometimes, not even close.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cDiscipline issues usually peak during toddlerhood and then again during adolescence, because both periods are really marked by exploration and figuring out who you are, and by becoming more independent,\u201d says <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sas.rochester.edu\/psy\/people\/faculty\/sturge-apple_melissa\/\">Melissa Sturge-Apple<\/a>, a professor of psychology and dean of graduate studies in Arts, Sciences &amp; Engineering at the URochester.<\/p>\n<p>Yet the developmental changes during puberty and the transition to adolescence mean that parents necessarily need to adjust their parenting behaviors, she adds. Part of that adjustment is parents\u2019 ability to think on their feet and navigate conflicts with flexibility as their teens strive for more autonomy and greater input in the decision-making processes. Sturge-Apple is the lead author of a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/development-and-psychopathology\/article\/mothers-and-fathers-selfregulation-capacity-dysfunctional-attributions-and-hostile-parenting-during-early-adolescence-a-processoriented-approach\/B26F2DF719349D88D282608B5B12DD7D\">recent study about mothers\u2019 and fathers\u2019 capacity for self-regulation<\/a> as well as hostile parenting during their child\u2019s early adolescence. The study is published in the journal <em>Development and Psychopathology. <\/em><\/p>\n<p>The research was sparked by an obvious deficit: more than 99 percent of parent regulation studies have focused exclusively on mothers. In this study, Sturge-Apple and her colleagues\u2014<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sas.rochester.edu\/psy\/people\/faculty\/davies_patrick\/\">Patrick Davies<\/a>, professor of psychology at Rochester; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sas.rochester.edu\/psy\/people\/postdocs\/index.html\">Zhi Li,<\/a> a postdoctoral fellow at the University\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.psych.rochester.edu\/MHFC\/\">Mt. Hope Family Center<\/a>; <a href=\"https:\/\/cehs.unl.edu\/edpsych\/faculty\/meredith-martin\/\">Meredith Martin<\/a>\u00a0&#8217;14 (PhD), now an assistant professor of educational psychology at the University of Nebraska; and Rochester psychology graduate student <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sas.rochester.edu\/psy\/people\/gradstudents\/jones_hannah\/index.html\">Hannah Jones<\/a>\u2014looked at how mothers and fathers regulated their stress in response to conflict with their adolescent children. They then examined how the stress response affected their discipline of the child. The researchers measured parents\u2019 physiological regulation using <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5624990\/\">RMSSD,<\/a>\u00a0a widely used measure to assess heart rate variability. The laboratory-based assessments were spaced roughly one year apart.<\/p>\n<div class=\"pullquote\">\nDads are more likely than moms to think that their teen was being intentionally difficult, or \u201cjust trying to push buttons.\u201d\n<\/div>\n<p>The researchers found that those parents\u2014both mothers and fathers\u2014who were less capable of dampening down their anger, as measured by RMSSD, were more likely to resort, over time, to the use of harsh, punitive discipline and hostile conflict behavior vis-\u00e0-vis their teenager.<\/p>\n<p>The scientists also measured parents\u2019 set-shifting capacity\u2014that is, the parents\u2019 ability to be flexible and to consider alternative factors, such as their child\u2019s age and development.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSet shifting is important because it allows parents to alter flexibly and deliberately their approaches to handling the changeable behaviors of their children in ways that help them to resolve their disagreements,\u201d says Davies.<\/p>\n<p>On average, fathers were not as good as mothers at set shifting and were less able to control their physiological anger response. As a result, they were more likely to think that their teen was intentionally difficult, or \u201cjust trying to push buttons,\u201d which in turn guided their decisions about discipline.<\/p>\n<p>However, the researchers found that those fathers who were better at set shifting than others were also better able to counteract difficulties in physiological regulation. These\u00a0episodes of physiological dysregulation, the team discovered, predicted over time an increase in parents\u2019 angry responses\u2014and that essentially, set shifting offsets this angry response tendency.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAs we learn more, these findings may have important implications for building and refining parenting programs,\u201d says Davies. \u201cFor example, there are exercises that help increase physiological regulation in ways that may ultimately reduce hostile parenting behaviors for mothers and fathers.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>There\u2019s an irony in past research studies\u2019 almost exclusive focus on mothers.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cDads are typically the enforcer in the family and this role may be difficult to override,\u201d says Sturge-Apple.\u00a0\u201cThus, the ability to be flexible in responses may help dads, more than moms, adjust to the changes of adolescence.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The research, which included 193 fathers, mothers, and their young teenagers (aged 12 to 14), was conducted at the University\u2019s Mt. Hope Family Center, which recently garnered an unrelated <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/mt-hope-family-center-receives-multi-million-dollar-grant-to-establish-national-center-for-child-maltreatment-studies-338862\/\">multi-million-dollar grant<\/a>\u00a0to establish a national center to study child abuse and prevention.<\/p>\n<p>The research for this study was funded by a grant from the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nichd.nih.gov\/\">National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In a new study, Rochester psychologists found that mothers and fathers who were less capable of dampening down their anger are more likely to resort to harsh discipline aimed at their teens, and that fathers in particular were not as good at considering alternative explanations for their teens&#8217; behavior.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":942,"featured_media":364242,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[456],"tags":[18592,4626,25882,2036,9176,18572,16072,18102],"class_list":["post-362582","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-society-culture","tag-department-of-psychology","tag-featured-post","tag-melissa-sturge-apple","tag-mt-hope-family-center","tag-parenting","tag-research-finding","tag-school-of-arts-and-sciences","tag-teenagers"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>When parenting teenagers, keep calm and don&#039;t carry on<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Fathers are not as good as mothers at considering alternative explanations for their teens&#039; behavior and are less able to control their anger response.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/when-parenting-teenagers-keep-calm-and-dont-carry-on-362582\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"When parenting teenagers, keep calm and don&#039;t carry on\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Fathers are not as good as mothers at considering alternative explanations for their teens&#039; behavior and are less able to control their anger response.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/when-parenting-teenagers-keep-calm-and-dont-carry-on-362582\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"News Center\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-02-19T16:34:42+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-03-28T19:04:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/fea-parenting-teenagers.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Sandra Knispel\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Sandra Knispel\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/when-parenting-teenagers-keep-calm-and-dont-carry-on-362582\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/when-parenting-teenagers-keep-calm-and-dont-carry-on-362582\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Sandra Knispel\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/48a5dd20d1ade85ff52a0babb9a550a5\"},\"headline\":\"When parenting teens, keep calm and don\u2019t carry on\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-02-19T16:34:42+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2019-03-28T19:04:25+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/when-parenting-teenagers-keep-calm-and-dont-carry-on-362582\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":714,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/when-parenting-teenagers-keep-calm-and-dont-carry-on-362582\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/02\\\/fea-parenting-teenagers.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Department of Psychology\",\"featured-post\",\"Melissa Sturge-Apple\",\"Mt. 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